商務(wù)英語(yǔ)的翻譯方法有什么？

  商務(wù)英語(yǔ)內容嚴謹結構復雜、具有實(shí)用性，對譯員的要求較高，那么商務(wù)英語(yǔ)的翻譯方法有什么?下面上海臻云人工翻譯機構給大家分享：

  Business English content is rigorous, complex, practical, and requires a high level of translators. What are the translation methods of business English? Let's share with you:

  1.順序翻譯法
  1. Sequential translation

  所謂順譯法就是按照原文的順序組織譯文。在商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中，當語(yǔ)句陳述的是一連串的動(dòng)作并按發(fā)生的時(shí)間安排或邏輯關(guān)系排列時(shí)，此類(lèi)語(yǔ)句與漢語(yǔ)的表達方式較一致"可按原文的順序譯出。

  The so-called sequential translation is to organize the translation according to the order of the original text. In Business English, when the statements are a series of actions and arranged according to the time or logical relationship, they are more consistent with the Chinese way of expression.

  2.反譯法
  2. counter translation

  英漢兩種語(yǔ)言結構存在很大差異。英語(yǔ)重心在前，漢語(yǔ)重心在后，漢語(yǔ)長(cháng)句采用總結式。多把信息點(diǎn)放在后面，越往后越重要。如果一個(gè)句子既有敘事又有表態(tài)"漢語(yǔ)就把敘事部分放在前。表態(tài)部分放在后，英語(yǔ)則相反，常常把表態(tài)部分放在句首，譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)則將其放在句末"從而形成反譯，一些帶有否定意義的詞。

  There are great differences between English and Chinese language structures. The focus of English is in the first place, the focus of Chinese is in the second place, and the long sentences in Chinese adopt the summative form. Put more information points at the back, more important later. If a sentence has both narration and expression, "Chinese puts the narrative part first. On the contrary, in English, the former is often placed at the beginning of the sentence and the latter at the end of the sentence when translated into Chinese.

  3.詞義引申翻譯法
  3. Word meaning extension translation

  詞義引申翻譯法，就是根據上下文的內在聯(lián)系，通過(guò)句中詞或詞組乃至整句的字面意義由表及里，運用一些符合漢語(yǔ)習慣的表達法，選用確切的漢語(yǔ)詞句，將原文內容的實(shí)質(zhì)準確的表達出來(lái)。

  According to the internal relationship of the context, word meaning extension translation is to express the essence of the original content accurately through the literal meaning of the words or phrases in the sentence and even the whole sentence from the outside to the inside, using some expressions in line with the Chinese custom, selecting the exact Chinese words and sentences.

  從詞義角度看，引申可分為抽象化引申和具體化引申。從句法層面來(lái)看，引申可分為邏輯引申、語(yǔ)用引申、修辭引申、概念范圍的調整。將詞義做抽象化引申是指對原文中某些字面意義明確具體的詞，采用漢語(yǔ)中的含義抽象、概括的詞語(yǔ)來(lái)表達。將此一具體化引申就是指，將代表抽象概念或者屬性的詞來(lái)表達一種具體事物的時(shí)候，用具體化的事物來(lái)表達，還其具體的本來(lái)面目，使讀者一目了然。邏輯引申就是在翻譯的過(guò)程中，由于直譯某個(gè)詞、短語(yǔ)乃至整個(gè)句子會(huì )使譯文不通順以及不符合目的語(yǔ)的表達習慣，因而就要根據上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，對該詞、短語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子從其本意出發(fā)，由表及里，運用符合目的語(yǔ)習慣的表現法，選用確切的詞句，將原文內容的實(shí)質(zhì)準確的表達出來(lái)。語(yǔ)義引申就是把原文中的弦外之音補益出來(lái)，就屬于語(yǔ)用學(xué)引申的手法。語(yǔ)用學(xué)是非語(yǔ)義學(xué)的語(yǔ)用意義，一般都不通過(guò)詞匯、語(yǔ)法手段表示，它是非規約性的、潛在的;受話(huà)人憑借交際能力來(lái)理解這種語(yǔ)用意義，換句話(huà)說(shuō)，它是結合交際對方、交際目的和交際情景，從說(shuō)話(huà)人詞語(yǔ)中引申出來(lái)的意義。除此之外還有修辭引申、概念等引申的翻譯方法。

  From the perspective of word meaning, extension can be divided into abstract extension and concrete extension. From the syntactic level, extension can be divided into logical extension, pragmatic extension, rhetorical extension and the adjustment of concept range. Abstract extension of word meaning refers to words with clear and specific literal meaning in the original text, which are expressed by words with abstract and general meaning in Chinese. The extension of concretization refers to that when the words representing abstract concepts or attributes are used to express a specific thing, the concrete thing is used to express it, and its concrete nature is also made clear to the reader at a glance. Logical extension means that in the process of translation, because literal translation of a word, phrase or even the whole sentence will make the translation not smooth and not conform to the expression habits of the target language, it is necessary to select the exact words and sentences according to the logical relationship of the context, from the original meaning of the word, phrase or the whole sentence, from the table and the inside, using the expression method conforming to the habits of the target language, so as to make the original content To express the essence of. Semantic extension is to supplement the sound outside the original, which belongs to pragmatic extension. Pragmatics is a non semantic pragmatic meaning, which is generally not expressed by vocabulary and grammar means. It is non prescriptive and potential. The addressee understands this pragmatic meaning by means of communicative ability, in other words, it is the meaning extended from the speaker's words by combining the communicative target, communicative purpose and communicative situation. Besides, there are also translation methods of rhetorical extension and concept extension.

  4.凝練翻譯法
  4. Concise translation

  商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中部分語(yǔ)句的結構復雜，信息量大，單憑一種方法很難翻譯到位。翻譯這類(lèi)語(yǔ)句時(shí)，要根據具體情況，理清修飾語(yǔ)和中心詞的關(guān)系以及修飾語(yǔ)內部各個(gè)成分之間的關(guān)系。把各種方法合理地綜合運用、靈活處理，既忠實(shí)地再現原文內容，又保證譯文通順，表達準確，句子流暢。從語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)上看，英語(yǔ)為形合，而漢語(yǔ)則為神合。

  The structure of some sentences in Business English is complex and the amount of information is large, so it is difficult to translate them by one method alone. When translating such sentences, we should make clear the relationship between modifiers and central words, as well as the relationship between the internal components of modifiers. By using all kinds of methods reasonably and flexibly, we can not only reproduce the original content faithfully, but also ensure that the translation is smooth, accurate and fluent. In terms of linguistic features, English is hypotaxis, while Chinese is parataxis.

  5.詞類(lèi)轉換翻譯法
  5. Part of speech translation

  轉換是指商務(wù)英語(yǔ)翻譯中語(yǔ)言的詞性和表現方法的改變。由于英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)的表達習慣、句子結構和詞的搭配關(guān)系都有差異，在翻譯中往往難以做到詞性和表現方法的一致。為了適應譯文語(yǔ)言的表達習慣和語(yǔ)法規則，在商務(wù)英語(yǔ)翻譯中需要運用詞類(lèi)和表現方法的轉換翻譯技巧。商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中為了達到委婉表達的效果，往往多使用被動(dòng)句，這與漢語(yǔ)的表達大不相同。因此，英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句在譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)不存在現成的對應表達方式，而需要依據漢語(yǔ)的習慣用法，從豐富的句式和輔助詞語(yǔ)中挑選一些適當的手段來(lái)表現出原文的被動(dòng)含義。

  Transformation refers to the change of part of speech and expression method in Business English translation. Due to the differences in expression habits, sentence structure and collocation between English and Chinese, it is difficult to achieve the consistency of part of speech and expression methods in translation. In order to adapt to the expression habits and grammar rules of the target language, it is necessary to use the translation skills of parts of speech and expression methods in Business English translation. In order to achieve the effect of euphemism, passive sentences are often used in Business English, which is quite different from Chinese. Therefore, when translating English passive sentences into Chinese, there is no ready-made corresponding way of expression, but we need to select some appropriate means from the rich sentence patterns and auxiliary words according to Chinese idioms to show the passive meaning of the original.